A by - law made under this Part:
(a) shall be published in the Gazette , and has no force until so published; and
(b) shall, subject to this Part:
(i) take effect, or be deemed to have taken effect, from the date of publication, or from a date (whether before or after the date of publication) specified by or under the by - law; or
(ii) have effect, or be deemed to have had effect, for such period (whether before or after the date of publication) as is specified by or under the by - law.