Employees in the Department and law enforcement officers can be appointed as maritime security inspectors. Other persons who meet criteria prescribed in the regulations may also be appointed as maritime security inspectors.

Maritime security inspectors are able to conduct ISSC inspections. They can also inspect ships, offshore facilities, and the premises and operations of maritime industry participants, to ensure compliance with this Act.

There are special rules for some kinds of inspections. In particular, a maritime security inspector must have an inspection warrant to inspect private living areas on a ship or offshore facility.